Which statement best reflects the initial approach to heat exhaustion regarding cooling and hydration?

• A. Sponge with cool water and oral fluids as tolerated
• B. Ice water immersion for 30 minutes
• C. Administer only IV fluids with no cooling
• D. Do nothing until symptoms worsen

Answer: (A)

Cooling and hydration are the priorities in heat exhaustion. The best initial step is to sponge the person with cool water and offer oral fluids as tolerated. This combination lowers body temperature through evaporative cooling while rehydrating, and it’s simple, safe, and can be done quickly in most settings. If the person cannot drink or is unable to keep fluids down, IV fluids may be needed, but cooling should not be neglected. More aggressive cooling, like ice-water immersion, is typically reserved for more severe cases such as exertional heat stroke and requires close monitoring. Waiting to see if symptoms worsen is unsafe, as heat exhaustion warrants prompt cooling and rehydration to prevent progression.